THE PLACE AND IMPORTANCE OF EDUCATION IN THE VIEWS OF SCIENTISTS OF THE EASTERN RENAISSANCE

Аннотация

The Eastern Renaissance is a period of high human thought, flourishing science and culture. Especially great scholars who lived and worked in the 9th-12th centuries - such thinkers as Al-Farabi, Ibn Sina, Beruni, Imam al-Bukhari - paid great attention to the issue of education. Their views serve as an important methodological basis not only for the society of that time, but also fortoday's modern education system. Keywords:Eastern Renaissance, ideal personality, communication, pedagogical style, virtuous people. Eastern thinkers believed that human perfection, social development, and spiritual elevation are achieved through education and upbringing. They sawscience not only as theoretical knowledge, butalso as aforce that educates theinnerworld of aperson. 1.Al-Farabi (870–950) •Called the“Imam ofTeachers”. •Heconsidered education to bea means ofperfecting a person. • In his work “The Virtuous City People”, he emphasized the need to educate virtuous people in society. •In his opinion,true happiness can onlybe achieved through knowledge. 2.Ibn Sina(980–1037) •Agreat scholar inthefields ofmedicine, philosophy, logic, and pedagogy. • In his works such as “The Book of Wisdom” and “The Book of Healing”, he wrote that the educational process should beorganized according to ageand ability. •Heput forward theideathat education shouldbegin at ayoung age. • He emphasized the role of the teacher and the need to approach it according to the student’s abilities. 3.Al-Biruni (973–1048) •Heaimed tostudy sciences in depth and servethe interests ofthepeople. •Heconsidered acquiring knowledge tobe theduty ofevery person. • His statement that “religion without knowledge turns into Sufism, and knowledge without religion leads to disbelief” shows that he paid attention to the harmony of knowledge and morality. 4.Imam al-Bukhari (810–870) 244 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SCIENTIFIC RESEARCHERS ISSN:3030-332X Impact factor: 8,293 Volume 11,issue1,April2025 https://wordlyknowledge.uz/index.php/IJSR worldly knowledge Index: googlescholar, research gate, research bib, zenodo,open aire. https://scholar.google.com/scholar?hl=ru&as_sdt=0%2C5&q=wosjournals.com&btnG https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Worldly-Knowledge https://journalseeker.researchbib.com/view/issn/3030-332X •Amajorrepresentative ofthescience ofhadith. •Hepaid great attention to issues ofeducation and morality. •Hetaught virtues such as respect for knowledge, honesty, purity, and patience. 5.Theviews ofscholars such as Abu Rayhan al-Biruni andIbn Sina: • It is indicated that the educational process should include not only knowledge, but also moral education. •They expressed opinions inthe sensethat “knowledgeis thepaththat leads to Allah.” Scholars of the Eastern Renaissance saw education and upbringing as an integral part of human lifeand thebasis ofsocial development. They considered moral maturity as important as science. Their views have not lost their relevance today, but rather serve as the basis for the modern education system.Al-Farabi put forward the idea of ​ ​ ​ ​ building a society based on the principles of a virtuous city, combining science and morality. Ibn Sina, on the other hand, considered education tobean important factor in realizing human potential. Al-Farabi: Virtuous Society and ScientificEducation In his work “The People of the Virtuous City”, Al-Farabi describes the ideal form of society as a system governed by knowledgeable, moral, andwise people. In his opinion,education isa means that leads a person to truth. He highly valued the personality of a teacher, describing him as the mostimportant figurewho leads aperson to perfection. Ibn Sina:Age-appropriateeducation and moral upbringing In his pedagogical views, Ibn Sina put forward the idea of ​ ​ educating people according to their age and abilities. In his works "Donishnama" and "Kitab al-Shifa", he gave in-depth analyses of the human psyche, level of perception, and teaching methods. In particular, he put forward the idea of ​ ​ educating young children through play, which is one of the main principles ofmodern pedagogy. Al-Biruni: The social significance ofscience Beruni considered science to be the main force in the development of society. He emphasized that only through science can a person understand the world and serve the development of himself and society. In his views, along with education, there are also the ideas of independent thinking, analysis, andlearning based onexperience. Imam al-Bukhari and moral upbringing Imam al-Bukhari put forward moral upbringing through religious teachings. He tried to instill in the younger generation such qualities as honesty, purity, patience, and humility through hadiths. Thisshows the roleofeducation not only in worldlybut also in spiritual and spiritual growth.