YUQORI YUK O‘TKAZUVCHANLIGIGA EGA TEMIR YO‘L LINIYALARIDA ELLASTIK SHPAL OSTI PROKLADKALARI QO‘LLANILGAN HOLDA RELS ULANISH ZONALARINI JORIY SAQLASH

Аннотация

Ushbu tezisda V.N.Kaplinning Yuqori yuk o‘tkazuvchanligiga ega temir yo‘l liniyalarida ellastik shpal osti prokladkalari qo‘llanilgan holda rels ulanish zonalarini joriy saqlash dissertatsiyasi tahlili va yuqori yuk tashish bosimiga ega temir yo‘l liniyalarida ellastik shpal osti prokladkalari qo‘llanilgan holda rels ulanish zonalarini joriy saqlash masalalari ko‘rib chiqiladi. Temir yo‘l infratuzilmasida rels ulanish zonalari yuqori dinamik yuklanishlarga duchor bo‘lib, bu esa ularning tez eskirishiga va ekspluatatsiya xarajatlarining ortishiga olib keladi. Shuning uchun ellastik shpal osti prokladkalari qo‘llanilishi ulanish zonalaridagi zarba yuklarini kamaytirish vaxizmat muddatiniuzaytirishda samarali yechim sifatidabaholanadi. Kalit so‘zlar:Yuqori yuk bosimi, temir yo‘l liniyalari, ellastik shpal osti prokladkalari, rels ulanish zonalari, joriy saqlash, dinamik yuklanish, vibratsiya kamaytirish, eskirish darajasi, temir yo‘l infratuzilmasi, texnik xizmat ko‘rsatish. Annotation:This thesis analyzes V.N. Kaplin’s dissertation on the maintenance of rail joint zones using elastic rail pad underlay systems on high-load railway lines. It also explores the issues related to the maintenance of rail joint zones under high freight pressure when elastic under-rail pads are utilized. In railway infrastructure, rail joint zones are subjected to high dynamic loads, leading to rapid wear and increased operational costs. Therefore, the use of elastic under-rail pads is considered an effective solution to reduce impact loads in joint zones andto extendservice life. Keywords: High axle load, railway lines, elastic under-rail pads, rail joint zones, maintenance, dynamicloads, vibration reduction,wear rate, railway infrastructure, technical service. 1. Ellastikshpal osti prokladkalarining qo‘llanilishi maqsadga muvofiqligi Tadqiqot natijalari shuni ko‘rsatdiki, ushbu prokladkalarni rels ulanish zonalarida qo‘llash qoldiq deformatsiyalarni sezilarli darajada kamaytiradi va temir yo‘l inshootining barqarorligini oshiradi. 2. Ekspluatatsionafzalliklar  Ellastik shpal osti prokladkalari vertikal kuchlarni 22% ga kamaytiradi, shuningdek, rels ulanishzonalarda tebranishlarni 64%gacha pasaytiradi.  Ularni qo‘llash natijasida 800 million tonnadan ortiq yuk o‘tkazilsa ham oraliq tuzatish ishlaritalab etilmaydi. 3. O‘tkazuvchanlikni oshirish 83 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SCIENTIFIC RESEARCHERS ISSN:3030-332X Impact factor: 8,293 Volume 11,issue1,April2025 https://wordlyknowledge.uz/index.php/IJSR worldly knowledge Index: googlescholar, research gate, research bib, zenodo,open aire. https://scholar.google.com/scholar?hl=ru&as_sdt=0%2C5&q=wosjournals.com&btnG https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Worldly-Knowledge https://journalseeker.researchbib.com/view/issn/3030-332X  Prokladkalardan foydalanish bo‘shliq 32 mm gacha bo‘lgan rels ulanish joylarida poyezd tezligini 25km/soatdan 40km/soatgacha oshirish imkoniniberadi. 4. Turlixil prokladkalarni taqqoslash  Eng samarali natijalarni 40,29kN/mmqattiqlikkaega prokladkalar beradi.  Tadqiqot natijalari shuni ko‘rsatdiki, bunday prokladkalarga ega bo‘lgan yo‘llarda relsning cho‘kishi ikkibaravar kam bo‘ladi. 5. Iqtisodiysamaradorlik  Yillik 50 mln. tonna yuk tashish bosimiga ega yo‘llarda prokladkalar 5 yil ichida o‘zini oqlaydi.  100 mln.tonnayuk bosimida–3yilda.  150 mln.tonnayuk bosimida–atigi 2yilda. 6. Tadqiqot usullari vatasdiqlash  Tadqiqot matematik modellashtirish, poligon sinovlari va dala tadqiqotlarini o‘z ichiga oladi.  Hisoblash natijalari eksperimental kuzatishlar bilan mos keladi, bu esa natijalarning ishonchliligini tasdiqlaydi. 7. Amaliyotga joriy etish  Shpal osti prokladkalarini qo‘llash bo‘yicha vaqtinchalik ko‘rsatmalar ishlab chiqilgan va tasdiqlangan.  Ushbu texnologiya real ekspluatatsiya sharoitida sinovdan o‘tkazilgan, jumladan, balastsizyo‘llar hududlaridaham. Kamchiliklari Yuqoridagilarga qaramay, ushbu prokladkalarning keng qo‘llanilishini cheklovchi bir qator kamchiliklarmavjud: 1.Texnikkamchiliklar  Cheklangan xizmat muddati Prokladkalar uzoq ekspluatatsiya natijasida eskirish vadeformatsiyaga uchraydi. o 800 million tonnadan ortiq yuk o‘tkazilgandan so‘ng ularning xususiyatlari o yomonlashishi mumkin,shuning uchun doimiy monitoring talab etiladi.  Iqlimsharoitlariga sezgirlik Keskin harorat o‘zgarishlari prokladkaning qattiqligini o‘zgartirishi va o samaradorligini pasaytirishi mumkin. Qish mavsumida ularning elastikligi pasayishi va amortizatsiya xususiyatlari o yomonlashishi mumkin.  Optimalqattiqliknitanlashning zarurati 84 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SCIENTIFIC RESEARCHERS ISSN:3030-332X Impact factor: 8,293 Volume 11,issue1,April2025 https://wordlyknowledge.uz/index.php/IJSR worldly knowledge Index: googlescholar, research gate, research bib, zenodo,open aire. https://scholar.google.com/scholar?hl=ru&as_sdt=0%2C5&q=wosjournals.com&btnG https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Worldly-Knowledge https://journalseeker.researchbib.com/view/issn/3030-