THE ROLE OF HYDROENERGY IN UZBEKISTAN’S ENERGY SYSTEM

Аннотация

Для нужд народного хозяйства республики, включая сельское хозяйство, задействовано более 45 гидроэлектростанций, возраст которых составляет 30-40 лет и более. В настоящее время общая установленная мощность электростанций, входящих в состав АО «Узбекэнерго», составляет 14140 МВт. Из них 12129 МВт приходится на тепловые электростанции, а 1878,7 МВт - на гидроэлектростанции. В качестве топлива на тепловых электростанцияхиспользуются природныйгаз,мазут,уголь. Все энергетические ресурсы Узбекистана имеют выработанный эксплуатационный ресурс, и их дальнейшее использование может привести к снижению устойчивости и эффективностиработыэлектростанций. Ключевые слова: гидроэнергетика,электростанция,деривация. Annotatsiya: Respublika xalq xo ‘jaligini, shu jumladan qishloq xo jaligini elekt enegiyasiga bo'lgan ehtiyojini qondirish uchun 45 dan ortiq GES ishlatiladi, ularni yoshi 30-40 yil va undan koproqni tashkilqiladi. Bu inshootlararzon elektr energiyasi ishlab chiqarishi bilan strategik va hayotiyahamiyatga ega. Hozirgi kunda “O'zbekenergo” DAKiga tegishli elektrostansiyalarning umumiy o'rnatilgan kuvvati 14140 MVt ni tashkil qiladi. Ulardan 12129 MVti issiqlik elektrostansiyalari hisobiga va 1878,7 MVti esa gidroelektrostansiyalarga to’g’ri keladi. Issiqlik elektrostansiyalarda yoqilg'i sifatidatabiiy gaz, mazut,ko‘mirishlatiladi. O'zbekistonning energetik quvvatlarining barchasi ekspluatasiya resurslarini ishlab bo'lgan va ulardan keyinchalikda foydalanish elektrostansiyalar barqarorligini va tejamligini pasayishiga olibkelishi mumkin. page1642 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE ISSN:2692-5206,ImpactFactor:12,23 AmericanAcademicpublishers,volume05,issue05,2025 Journal: https://www.academicpublishers.org/journals/index.php/ijai Kalitso’zlar: gidroenergetika, elektrostansiya, derivatsiya. Today, the power of any country and the development of society are determined by its energy supply. However, the growth of energy consumption and the use of organic fuel for its production lead to global environmental pollution and, as a result, pose a serious threat to human life. One of the pressing problems of modern energy is the use of environmentally friendly, renewable, non-traditional energy sources. Today, 85% ofelectricity produced in our republic is generated at thermal power plants running onorganicfuel. Only 14.5%ofelectricity is generated byhydroelectric power plants (HPPs). To alarge extent, it isrecyclable, which means that it can be usedrepeatedly. Small hydropower plays an important role in our country, which has rich energy resources. Hydropower resources oftheRepublicofUzbekistan are estimated as follows. page1643 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE ISSN:2692-5206,ImpactFactor:12,23 AmericanAcademicpublishers,volume05,issue05,2025 Journal: https://www.academicpublishers.org/journals/index.php/ijai Sinceourrepublic is adeveloped agricultural country and is located in anarid zone,agricultural crops are harvested byartificial irrigation. To supply irrigation water to the irrigation systems of our country, there are 75 large main and inter-farm canals with a length of 28.6 thousand km and 207 large hydraulic structures on them, as well as 172.2 thousand km of on-farm irrigation networks with a volume of 19.6 billion cubic meters. 56 reservoirs with a capacity of 100 thousand m3 and 25 flood-control reservoirs areinoperation. In small, medium and large rivers of Uzbekistan, the number of planned, operating, under construction, designed and in the design and survey stage hydroelectric power plants on irrigation systems is 204. Of these: 34 hydroelectric power plants in operation (30 Uzbekenergo State Joint Stock Company, 4 Suvenergo specialized associations of the Ministry of Agriculture and Water Resources ofUzbekistan); 11mothballed hydroelectricpower plants; intended for construction. The number of hydroelectric power plants for which exploration and design work is underway is 45; Potential hydroelectric power plants include 12 on rivers, 23 on reservoirs and 79 on maincanals. Currently, the associationhas builtthefollowing small hydroelectric power plants: •Hydroelectricpower plant ontheTopalang reservoirin theSurkhandarya region; •Hydroelectricpower plant ontheAkhangaron reservoir intheTashkent region; •Hydroelectricpower plant ontheGisorak reservoirin theKashkadarya region; •SmallGulbahydroelectric power plant ontheDargom canal intheSamarkand region; •Hydroelectricpower plant No. 2ontheAndijan reservoir intheAndijan region; •Shakhiardon hydroelectric powerplant onthesmall Koksuv river intheFergana region page1644 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE ISSN:2692-5206,ImpactFactor:12,23 AmericanAcademicpublishers,volume05,issue05,2025 Journal: https://www.academicpublishers.org/journals/index.php/ijai page1645 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE ISSN:2692-5206,ImpactFactor:12,23 AmericanAcademicpublishers,volume05,issue05,2025 Journal: https://www.academicpublisher