TEACHING ENGLISH TO YOUNG STUDENTS

Аннотация

This article discusses effective methods, didactic approaches and psychological and pedagogical features of teaching English to young students. The importance of organizing English lessons in an interesting and effective way, using visual, audiovisual and interactive tools appropriate to their age when working with children in preschool and primary education is substantiated. Also, ways of forming motivation in learning a foreign language, developing oral speech and forming a positive attitude towards the language are analyzed. Keywords: young students, English, teaching a foreign language, primary education, visual aids, interactive methods, oral speech, language competence, motivation, pedagogical approach. Introduction: In the current process of globalization, learning foreign languages, in particular English, is becoming more relevant than ever. English is recognized as a leading language in international communication, science, technology, trade and education. Therefore, the education system of Uzbekistan also pays great attention to teaching English from an early age. The goal is to form a positive attitude towards the language in children, to adapt them to a foreign language environment, especially through language teaching in preschool institutions and primary grades. Teaching English to young students requires specific psychological and pedagogical approaches. For children of this age, learning through play, images, movement and listening is one of the most effective methods. The use of colorful visual aids, audio materials, cartoons, interactive games and songs in lessons will not only attract their attention, but also help them remember it for a long time. Main part 1. Taking into account the psychological characteristics of young students Young students (mainly children aged 6–10) have a high interest in learning and natural diligence. However, since their attention and memory are short-lived, the lesson processes should be short, dynamic and enriched with games. Also, by ensuring the active participation of children in each task, conditions are created for their free expression of their thoughts. 73-son 3–to’plam Iyun-2025 Sahifa: 154 Ustozlar uchun pedagoglar.org 2. Teaching English through visual and audio aids Colorful pictures, cards, posters, video lessons, cartoons, audio songs - these are very effective tools for young students. For example, through musical materials such as the “alphabet song” or the “numbers song”, children learn letters and numbers with pleasure. By associating each new word with visual images, their ability to remember is strengthened. 3. Game-based teaching methodology Didactic games increase the motivation of young students to learn a language. With the help of games such as “Memory game”, “Simon says”, “Flashcard matching”, vocabulary is expanded and grammatical norms are instilled in a natural environment. The knowledge learned through games is more consolidated, because children are stress-free and free in this process. 4. The role of multimedia and ICT technologies in teaching a foreign language With the help of modern technologies, including interactive whiteboards, tablets, online platforms (Kahoot, Wordwall, Duolingo for Kids), the language learning process becomes more interesting and effective. Children develop not only language but also technological literacy when completing multimedia tasks. 5. Language teaching based on a communicative approach One of the most important approaches to teaching English to young learners is the communicative method. It focuses on developing children's oral speech. Through real communication situations, role-playing games, questions and answers, and small conversations, children learn to communicate in a natural language environment. 6. Cooperation with parents Young learners need to strengthen their language not only at school, but also at home. Therefore, it is advisable for teachers to support children's communication with the language at home by recommending simple tasks, songs or games to parents. This, in turn, increases the child's motivation and consolidates the knowledge learned. CONCLUSION: Teaching English to young learners is an important process that, in addition to imparting simple language knowledge, also serves to form their thinking, memory skills, creative thinking, and readiness for communication. This article covers several key areas that should be considered when teaching English at the preschool and primary education levels. In particular: Methodological approaches appropriate to the age and psychological characteristics of children; The role and effectiveness of visual, audio and interactive tools; The impact of didactic games and the development of vocabulary using them; Organizing lessons based on information and communication technologies; Developing oral speech through the communicative method; 73-son 3–to’plam Iyun-2025 Sahifa: 155 Ustozlar uchun pedagoglar.org The relevance of cooperation with p