Assessment of the environmental impact on soil fertility, development and yield of soybean varieties on medium saline agrocenoses

Аннотация

Diversification of a variety of agricultural crops on moderately saline land helps to increase the productivity of agricultural products, which significantly increases the income of farmers. To date, due to the development of environmental and economic situations, issues of the production potential of various environmentally specialized plants are studied based on the adaptive strategy, the formation of the natural environment and the use of environmental optimization functions. All this requires constant attention to the environmental situation in the region and scientifically based measures aimed at maintaining and increasing the natural potential and fertility of the soil cover. Key words: root nodules, biomass, inoculation,soybean recovery,soil,fertility. Аннотация. Диверсификация разнообразных сельскохозяйственных культур на среднезасоленных землях способствует повышению продуктивности сельскохозяйственной продукции, что существенно увеличивает доходы фермеров. На сегодняшний день в связи с развитием эколого-экономической обстановки изучаются вопросы производственного потенциала различных экологически специализированных растений на основе адаптивной стратегии, формирования природной среды и использования функций экологической оптимизации. Все это требует постоянного внимания к экологической ситуации в регионе и научно обоснованных мер, направленных на сохранение и повышение природного потенциала и плодородия почвенного покрова. Ключевые слова: корневые клубеньки, биомасса, инокуляция, восстановление сои, почва, плодородие. 324 «EKOLOGIYA VA ATROF MUHIT MUHOFAZASI MUAMMOLARI VA ULARNING INNOVATSION YECHIMLARI» mavzusidagi xalqaro ilmiy-amaliy konferensiya The diversification of agricultural crops through the introduction and integration of various agricultural practices on saline and degraded lands contributes to increasing agricultural productivity. The introduction of unconventional and underused forage grains and legumes into the culture in local crop rotations will reduce soil salinity and enrich them with important nutrients, as well as restore the soil structure. Currently, serious problems of preserving and restoring the land resource potential of agriculture are becoming more acute all over the world, associated with the loss of soil fertility, pollution and degradation of soils on significant land masses, and large-scale land disturbance. A number of laws have been adapted in the Republic of Uzbekistan in order to accelerate and stabilize agricultural reforms. It is noted that salinization of soils leads to physical degradation of lands and their further withdrawal from agricultural use. High doses of mineral fertilizers proved to be one of the causes of soil degradation and environmental degradation. After harvesting, legumes and other crops with a short growing season are cultivated as repeated crops. However, scientific research in this direction has been started relatively recently. In this regard, the development of agricultural techniques for growing (including its individual elements) of repeated crops in the country is an urgent issue. Material and methods of research The research was conducted in 2023-2024 at the experimental field of the conducted on irrigatedmeadow alluvial soils of the Khorezm region. The main purpose of the research was to develop study and scientifically substantiate agricultural methods of cultivation of soybeans crop rotation, ensuring the preservation of soil fertility, improving its agro physical properties, as well as increasing productivity and increasing the economic efficiency of its cultivation. We also monitored the growth, development and yield of legumes. The repetition in the experiments is 4-fold; the placement of variants is randomized. In our experience, the soybean variety “Orzu” was sown at a rate of 60 kg / ha in the first decade of July, after harvesting winter wheat. The soybean harvest was harvested in the phase of physiological ripeness of grain (R ). Statistical 8 processing of the results was carried out in the SAS 9.2 environment. Research results and discussion All processes related to agricultural production cause environmental changes. At the same time, the transformation of compounds entering the ecological system primarily occurs in the soil. Inoculation of soybean seeds with an active shtamm of 325 «EKOLOGIYA VA ATROF MUHIT MUHOFAZASI MUAMMOLARI VA ULARNING INNOVATSION YECHIMLARI» mavzusidagi xalqaro ilmiy-amaliy konferensiya Nitragin-137 was carried out before sowing the crop. The results show that inoculation of soybean seeds with the Nitragin-137 shtamm has a significant effect on the yield and quality of soybean grain. The yield increases compared to the nitrogen-free option. Harvest soybeans in making N P K kg/ha, but without inoculation nitrogen 30 120 100 was 1,47 t/ha with a yield of 0,47 index. At the same rate of fertilizer (N P K ) 30 120 100 and inoculation nitrogen showed a significant increase in grain yield by 0,12 t/