Методика преподавания специальной литературы на уроках иностранного языка (на материалах архитектуры)

Аннотация

The article analyzes special literature specifications, texts and terms related to architecture, and their translation methods. In this article, it is explained in English that the terminology in the field of architecture and construction is fully mastered by certain Arabic, Persian, Greek and Latin languages and their alternatives are unfocused. Key words and expression: terms, terminology, Arabic and Persian attributes, non-equivalent vocabulary, field, specialized, architecture and construction Аннотация. Мақолада чет тилида мутахассисликка оид махсус адабиёт таҳлили меъморчилик соҳасига оид матн ва терминлар, уларни таржима қилиш усуллари орқали ёритилади. Меъморчилик соҳасига оид матн терминологиясини ўқитишда муайян терминларнинг араб, форс, грек ва лотин тилларидан тўлиқ ўзлаштирилганлиги ва уларнинг муқобилсиз лексикага эга эканлиги очиб берилган. Таянч сўз ва иборалар: термин, терминология, арабча ва форсча ўзлашмалар, муқобилсиз лек- сика, соҳа, ихтисослашган, меъморчилик. Аннотация. В статье освещены тексты и термины на иностранном языке по специальной литературе, относящиеся к архитектуре. При обучении терминологии текстов, относящейся к отрасли архитектуры было раскрыто полное заимствование конкретных терминов из арабского, персидского, греческого и латинского языков и наличие в них неальтернативной лексики. Опорные слова и выражения: термин, терминология, арабские и персидские заимствования, неальтернативная лексика, отрасль, специализированный, архитектура. Nowadays there are new requirements for Step 1. Words such as function words that have professionals of all spheres of human vital activity. a meaning that has no particular relationship with Every specialist have to know English language, the field of civil engineering andarchitecture, that because English became world-wide instrument of is, words independent of the subject matter. Exam- communication. Especially, being highly qualified ples are: the, is, between, it, by, 12, common, com- in terminology of own specialization sphere in Eng-monly, directly, constantly, earl ya,nd especially. lish – this is what the real time society needs. Every Step 2. Words that have a meaning that is government tries to reach international level of minimally related to the field ofcivil engineering development and go to world stage, Uzbekistan is andarchitecture they describe the positions, not an exception. Our higher education estab- placement , or features of the building. Examples lishments pay great attention to teach specialists proa-re: structure, materials, part, forms,surrounds, fessional English, making accent on terminology. surface, units, space, foundations, elements, as- The researches’showthatwordswhich is using sociated, shape, distance, fixed, pressure, inside, in textsclassified at four steps. They are des- functions, regions, store, collector, circulate, cribes as followingstep: channels, damage. 108 SHARQ M ASH’ALI Step 3. Words that have a meaning that is may have been intended for those who already closely related to the field ofcivil engineering have some knowledge of applied linguistics. andarchitecture. They refer to parts, structures or These differences undoubtedly affected the re- compound unitsof the building, such as the stru- sults. However, the primary purpose of the re- ctureof the buildingand materials of the building. search was to see if technical vocabulary could Such words are also used in general language. be reliably distinguished from other vocabulary, The words may have some restrictions of usage and to gain some indication of the size and depending on the subject field. Examples are: density of technical vocabularies. wall, roof, concrete, external, separately, envi- We have looked at how large a technical ronment, force, load, frame, ground, determine, vocabulary might be and the kinds of words that it conductivity, radiation. can consist of. Let us now look at how often these Words in this category may be technical words occur in specialised texts: terms in a specific field like civil engineering “…After the concrete has been given a pre- andarchitecture and yet may occur with the sa- liminary finish by means of finishing devices me meaning in other fields and not be technical incorporated in the slip-form paving equipment, terms in those fields. the surface of the fresh concrete shall be checked Step 4. Words that have a meaning specific to by the Contractor with a straightedge device not the field of civil engineering andarchitecture and less than 10 feet in length. High areas indicated arenot likely to be known in general language. by the straightedge device shall be removed by They refer to structures and functions of the the hand-float method. Each successive check building. These words have clear restrictions of with the straightedge device shall lap the previous usage depending on the subject field. Examples check path by at least of the length of the straight- are:balustrade, bitumen felt, ceiling void