Voices of Change: Social Criticism in Jadid Playwriting

Аннотация

Behbudi's work is examined as a significant literary phenomenon that reflects the social realities of the country, marking the first Uzbek drama. In the play “Parricide”, Behbudi condemns a wealthy man as an indifferent father who neglects the upbringing of his son. In contrast, Qodiriy highlights another aspect of the issue through the portrayal of the selfish and greedy Fayziboy in “Unhappy Groom”. This article argues that the representation of both wealthy men as self-serving individuals, solely pursuing their own interests, introduces a novel concept. Furthermore, it discusses the congruity of the ideas and interpretations presented in the dramas of Behbudi and Qodiriy, as well as their distinctiveness. Keywords: National unity, traditional education, new Uzbek literature, progressive, the basis of the ideal, the tragedy of the youth, literary grief, great scholars. system, creation of textbooks, and his sharp publicist Introduction: The Jadids, united under the idea of speeches explaining scientific and legal issues. He is national unity, considered the struggle for the freedom considered the creator who laid the foundation stone of the Motherland as a sacred duty. They did not spare of new Uzbek literature, and particularly the national their lives or property in the struggle and mobilised theatre. their strength in this direction. A need for renewal arose in the nation’s thinking. Waves of national revival The representatives of the Enlightenment, who manifested themselves in various forms in Turkestan travelled the world and were aware of world news, on all fronts. Intellectuals who worked for the considered it possible to quickly and effectively independence of the country initially put forward the influence the public through art. Art and literature idea of reformism. played a significant role in the propaganda work of the Jadids. In 1911, he wrote the first Uzbek drama, the The need for renewal that arose in the wake of play “The Case of Parricide or an Uneducated Boy (A revolutionary waves created great personalities on the Lesson from Turkestan Life)” (3 acts, 4 scenes). The stage of history. One of such great personalities is drama is structured simply by the genre's Mahmudkhoja Behbudi. The owner of encyclopaedic requirements. The author defines his work as “the first sciences M. Behbudi developed a program of the idea national tragedy”. As a literary critic, the author, who of national revival, which was the basis of the Jadid understood the power of tragedy well, used this poetic movement in Turkestan. The main problems of the method effectively in his work. The Jadids realised that program include the formation of the nation-state, the only the path of knowledge and enlightenment could creation of a national army, a national language and lead the homeland out of crisis. This idea is embedded literature, national drama, and national schools. The in the core of the drama. The tragedy of Tashmurod in preservation of religious and national identity was also the drama is portrayed as a national issue. Behbudi, as the main goal of the Jadid Enlightenment. Behbudi, as a highly experienced specialist, conveys the Jadid idea, a distinguished scholar, embodies the attitudes of an which is the idea he wants to convey, in a concise Islamic personality. scene. M. Behbudi was famous not only in Turkestan but also Considering that the drama genre in Uzbek literature is in countries such as Central Asia, Turkey, Iran, and a new “spider”, Behbudi's work was a serious literary Crimea for his reform of the traditional education International Journal Of Literature And Languages 173 https://theusajournals.com/index.php/ijll International Journal Of Literature And Languages (ISSN: 2771-2834) phenomenon that reflected the social reality in the In the play “The Unhappy Groom”, he calls on the local country. As soon as the first Uzbek drama was written, rich to be progressive and generous, and proposes the staging it was not easy. The authorities did not allow idea of fighting against old customs that pave the way the drama to be published. Finally, a way was found for extravagance at weddings. The consequences of not that would please the tsarist censorship, and it was paying enough attention to child upbringing and published in 1913. On January 25, 1914, it was staged education are illustrated through the events of the in Samarkand. The drama was received with great drama, highlighting the effects of ignorance. The events interest by the people. The audience had a stronger of the play are based on the story of the marriage of a impact on the public than expected. The drama shows young man named Salih. Having borrowed money from how the greed and ignorance of the rich man's lover, a rich man and unable to repay it on time, the groom Tashmurod, lead to tragedy. Behbudi reveals his new Salih and the bride Rahima commit suicide due to ideas through the image of a teacher and an depression. The play ends with the tra