Sources of Epic Genre

Аннотация

The article highlights the role of Berdakh, a prominent representative of 19th-century Karakalpak literature, as a creator of the epic genre, based on his epic works such as "Shajara," "Khorezm," "Aydos Bobo," "Ernazar Biy," "Amangeldi," and "Ravshan." The features of Berdakh's work in the epic form, the connection of these works with the typology of genres, the spirit of the people, and national values were analyzed. Also, the connection of 20th-century Karakalpak literature with Berdakh's traditions in the formation and development of epic prose genres is revealed. Based on the research of literary scholars, the role of Berdakh's epic creative heritage in the formation of Karakalpak written literature is emphasized. Keywords: Epic genre, dastan, typology, prose, national heritage, literary tradition, dastan works. times, sometimes replacing it with the word "ertek," Introduction: Berdaq is a prominent representative of (fairy tale) and, revealing the differences between the 19th-century Karakalpak literature, a poet who words "dastan" (poem) and "qissa," (story) emphasized glorified and celebrated the honor and dignity of the that the term "dastan"(poem) is used in connection Karakalpak people, our national pride. with large poetic works written in the traditions of the There is no one who does not know the lines of peoples of the East [1:226]. Berdaq's poem "If you are a young man, born like a lion, A. Murtazayev, who conducted special research on Serve always for the people." His works written in epic Berdakh's work «Аqmaq patsha» ("The Foolish King") form, such as "For the People," "Better," "I Would defines this work of the poet as a written work of art Search," "When Will You Find Peace," "My Child," [2:25]. "Seen," "In Time" and "Grandfather Aidos," "Amangeldi," "Ernazar Biy," "Khorezm," "Ravshan," Professor A. Pakhratdinov, who conducted extensive "Genealogy," are considered the priceless spiritual research on Berdaq's work, refers to the works treasure of the Karakalpak people. Berdaq's works "Shejire," ""Xorezm," "Aydos baba," "Ernazar biy," began to be collected and published from the 1930s. "Amangeldi," and "Rawshan" as epic works [3, 4, 5]. Scholars N.Davkarayev, K.Ayimbetov, I.Sagitov, L.I.Timofeev gave the following definition of the term A.Murtazoyev, A.Pakhratdinov, K.Khudaybergenov, epic: "The term epic has two meanings. In the historical and others, who conducted scientific research on and literary sense, epic is folk epics and fairy tales Berdakh's work, published numerous articles and (Russian folk epic, ancient epic). In the theoretical special books on the poet's life and work, lyrics, the sense, epic is a genre with the main feature of broadly themes of his poems, the content of his epic works, reflecting the characters of people. "Epos" comes from images, plots, and other issues. Berdakh, as a creator of the Greek word meaning "word." Epic is a narrative the epic genre in the history of Karakalpak literature, genre. The epic narrates a person's life path, describes requires further research. the events in which they participated, their actions, and Berdaq's works "Shejire," "Xorezm," "Aydos baba," relationships. [7.357-358]. "Ernazar biy," "Amangeldi," and "Rawshan" are The science of literary studies of the former Soviet referred to as "epic works" in literary studies. The period included Karakalpak literature in the group of renowned folklorist Q. Maqsetov noted that the literatures with a late development of written concept of "dastan" (poem) dates back to ancient International Journal Of Literature And Languages 7 https://theusajournals.com/index.php/ijll International Journal Of Literature And Languages (ISSN: 2771-2834) literature. There were opinions that there was no prose Second World War. until the 20th century. Prose is not a genre, it's works The novels "The Last Attack," («Sonǵı xújim»), written in prose. In Karakalpak folklore, the epic "Karakalpak Girl" («Qaraqalpaq qızı») by appeared, was formed, and developed in such genre T.Kayipbergenov, "The Long-awaited Day" («Kópten forms as fairy tales, legends, oral stories, poems, and kútken, kún»), by A.Aliyev, "Memory" («Estelik»), by epics. H.Hamidov, the novel "Fight" («Gúres») by Karakalpak literature of the 1960s-1980s is A.Bekimbetov, "The Bright Path" («Aydın jol»), "Don't distinguished by qualitative and quantitative growth. Keep Secrets from Your People" («Xalqıńnan sır The qualitative characteristic of this period is the saqlama»), by S.Khojaniyazov, "Bend to the Hill by the development of all genres of prose. Road" («Jol boyındagı tobeshikke iyil») by Kh.Seytov, the short story "Green Folder" («Jasıl papka») by The skill of writers, their desire to create multifaceted Yu.Leontichev, the short story "Fugitive" («Qashkın») realistic works, has increased. At the same time, by Sh.Seytov, his novel tetralogy "Khalkabad" professional writers emerged, and the principles of («Xalqabad»), ("Sharbuzar," "Difficult Settlem