The Literary Legacy of Adib Sobir Termizi

Аннотация

This article provides information about the literary legacy of the great master of words, Adib Sobir Termizi, his place in classical Eastern literature, his contributions to the development of genres such as qasida, ghazal, and qit’a, the main themes and stylistic features of his works, certain aspects of his poetic mastery, and the translations of his poetry into the Uzbek language. Keywords: Poet, divan, manuscript, bayaz, genre, qasida, ghazal, qit’a, rubai, publication, translation, mastery. miscellaneous poems, and 7 poems found in bayaz, Introduction: The sacred land of Uzbekistan, which has totaling 7,045 bayts. These were published in 2002 by been the cradle of numerous scholars and poets such the “Al-Huda” international publishing house in Iran. as Am’aq Bukhari, Suzani Samarkandi, Asiriddin [2.] Akhsikati, Sayfi Farghani, Badriddin Chachi, Pakhlavon Mahmud, Khoja Ismat Bukhari, Abdurahmon Mushfiqi, It is well known that in classical Eastern poetry, the Shavkat Bukhari, Nasir Bukhari, Mirzo Sodiq Munshi, qasida holds a prestigious position, not only used for and Shamshiddin Shahinhas given rise to many Persian- praising kings and dignitaries but also for creating speaking poets across various eras. Studying their lives remarkable examples in philosophical-mystical and and works, translating their creations, and making moral-didactic themes. In this regard, the qasida was an them accessible to our people undoubtedly enriches important measure of a poet’s talent. Particularly in the and advances Uzbek literature. Among these literary Middle Ages, this genre was widespread, producing figures, Adib Sobir Termizi holds a special place due to many distinguished qasida poets. Adib Sobir’s qasidas the brilliance of his artistic talent. demonstrate his significant contribution to the development of this genre during his time. He was Shahobiddin Adib Sobir ibn Ismail Termizi (1078–1147) primarily a qasida poet, showcasing his poetic prowess was the author of a comprehensive divan. According to in the introductory sections (nasibs) of his qasidas. Each the preface of his 13th-century divan, his poetic legacy qasida’s nasib is adorned with a specific theme or amounted to 15,000 bayts (couplets). However, over poetic device. For instance, one may focus on the the centuries, this divan has been passed down in a theme of love, another on descriptions of nature, and fragmented state. To date, four divans containing his another on the beauty of a beloved. Some employ works are known to exist, preserved in the India Office metaphors, others use antithesis, allusion, parallelism, Library in England, the British Museum, the manuscript repetition, or etymology, expressed beautifully and collection of the Azerbaijan Academy of Sciences, and evocatively. Notably, Adib Sobir depicts natural scenes the Institute of Oriental Studies of the Tajikistan with the skill of a masterful painter. A study of his Academy of Sciences. [1.34] Copies of his works also qasidas suggests that no poet in the world could exist in Iran and India. For several years, renowned surpass him in describing nature. The praise sections of bilingual literary scholar Ahmad Abdullaev has been his qasidas, however, are largely similar, extolling the diligently studying Adib Sobir’s life and works, power and generosity of the patron while requesting collecting and publishing his legacy. By comparing eight their support. These qasidas are mainly dedicated to manuscript versions and examining over 200 bayaz Majiddin Abulqosim Ali ibn Ja’far, the governor, (poetry anthologies), Abdullaev identified 126 qasidas, scholar, and naqib of Khurasan. A few qasidas are 7 tarkibbands, 64 ghazals, 154 qit’as, 88 rubais, 25 International Journal Of Literature And Languages 22 https://theusajournals.com/index.php/ijll International Journal Of Literature And Languages (ISSN: 2771-2834) dedicated to Sultan Sanjar and Khwarazmshah Atsiz. It meaning, and the beauty of style after these three should be noted that Adib Sobir not only praised poets. Adib Sobir himself likened his poetry to soaring Abulqosim Ali and Atsiz in his qasidas but also in his stars in brilliance and radiance, stating that even fire ghazals and qit’as. His qasidas vary in length, ranging takes pride in their glow. Indeed, his poetry captivates from 13 to 101 bayts in his divan. readers with its simplicity of expression, fluidity of style, clarity of thought, vibrant spirit, and enchanting Through his ghazals, Adib Sobir made a worthy tone. His adherence to simplicity earned him the title contribution to the development of the ghazal, which “Second Rudaki.” began flourishing in Persian and Turkic poetry from the 10th century. His role in the rise of impromptu ghazals Overall, Adib Sobir’s oeuvre consists of praise, is particularly significant. His ghazals were highly description, and complaints: he praises kings and praised by Muhammad Awfi, Davlatshah Samarkandi, dignitaries when held in esteem, sensitiv