Unity of Form and Content in Translations of Arabic Classical Texts (On the Example of Surah Al-Mulk)

Аннотация

The article provides a comprehensive review of the form and content of translations of classical Arabic texts. Translators of Surah Mulk attempt to compare the translations made into Uzbek in the 20th century by Mawlawi Hindustani, Altyn Khan Tura, Sheikh Muhammad Sadyk Muhammad Yusuf, Alauddin Mansur and Sheikh Abdulaziz Mansur, and use authenticity as the main criterion in determining the most accurate and adequate translation. The article examines the issue of unity and harmony of form and content in Uzbek translations of Surah Mulk. Keywords: Holy Quran, dialectic, form, meaning-content, unity, harmony, translator, originality, translation language, literal translation, classical Arabic, Uzbek, sentence, word, adequacy. little, and as a result, receive other unexpected Introduction: Every work of art is a dialectical unity of information. form and content. 3rd verse of Surah Mulk: Therefore, the task of the translator is not only to convey the original content in the target language, but ِ عجِ رْ اَف تٍ وُاَفَتنمِ نِ مَ حْ رَّ لا قِ لْخَ يِف ىرَ َت امَّ ًاقاَبطِ تٍ اوَامَ سَ عَ بْسَ قَ َلخَ يذَِّلا also to find the form. Of course, this process requires رٍ وطُ ُف نمِ ىرَ َت لْ هَ رَ صَ َبلْا great skill from the translator and, at the same time, Mawlawi Hindustani “He created the seven heavens vigilance. But, despite everything, we believe that in a one after the other (one above the other) and the work of art, content comes first, and form comes people. You do not see any flaws in the fact that God second. To clarify our point, we are not saying that created the heavens and the people. So look at the sky, content must be indicated and form is optional, but do you see any cracks or holes in it?” translates as. rather that the translator must first try to understand The form found its place in the translation, but the what the author wants to say, what he means, and then word “people did” prevented it from achieving strive to find and convey it in the appropriate form in adequacy. The reason is that the word “peopled” does the target language. not convey the meaning of the Arabic word قَ َلخَ in the Another thing we would like to highlight is that we can present tense. This word may have a specific meaning see many differences between the translation of a for a specific audience, but for the general public it translator who strives to ensure that the translation is should be translated as “created”, which is carried out in this way from the beginning to the end of understandable to everyone. the work, and the translation of a translator who pays This translator has linked verses 13-14 of this Surah so little attention to this. We would like to point out that beautifully that, except for the translator inserting a if we look at the translations of Surah Mulk into Uzbek, few extra words as clarification, the meanings of the we will see that in some translations this process has two verses are clearly understood to complement each not been implemented. The diversity of the translation other. Since any translation is not without elements of processes can to some extent make the reader think interpretation, translation is to some extent an about the verse, ask someone or consult other interpretation. translations to find out what it means, even if only a American Journal Of Philological Sciences 169 https://theusajournals.com/index.php/ajps American Journal Of Philological Sciences (ISSN – 2771-2273) نْ مَ مُ َلعْ َي لَََأ }13{ رِ وُدصُّ لا تِ اَذِب مٌ يلِعَ ُهَّنِإ هِ ِب اورُ هَ جْ ا وِ َأ مْكُ َلوَْق اورُّ سِ َأوَ {14} Oyo, do you not know, the creator and the master رُ يِبخَ لْا فُ يطِ َّللا وَهُ وَ قَ َلخَ {14} of secrets, the knower of all?” “Whether you speak openly or secretly, Allah knows. In the translation, each word is given separately, even Indeed, Allah is Wise (Knower) of the secrets of the the interrogative forms, and the reflexive pronouns heart. Does He who made the heart a people not know called ٌ دِئاعَ رٌ يمِ ضَ , which the Arabic translator cannot the unseen? Indeed, Allah, the Exalted, knows the separate, are also separated, and at the same time, truth of all things and is Aware of them.”. each of them is translated in its original place. This way of translation attracts the reader's attention to the The connection between the end of verse 13 and the story to a certain extent, but when it comes to beginning of verse 14 is well worked out, they understanding, it is natural that this way creates many complement each other in meaning. If we were to difficulties and, at the same time, misunderstandings. translate these exact words, it would be translated as: “Indeed, He is the Knower of the secrets of the hearts. For example, let us compare the translations of some Does not the Creator know? And He is the Knower, the verses from Surah Mulk with the original: Aware”. And our sentence: “Does not the Creator رُ ومُ َت يَ هِ اَذِإَف ضَ رَْلأا مُ كُ ِب فَ سِ خْ َي نَأ ءامَ سَّ لا يِف نمَّ مُتنمَِ