Synonyms and Their Semantic Features

Аннотация

This article provides information about synonyms and their types: lexical synonymy, semantic synonyms, stylistic synonyms, speech synonyms, contextual synonymy and analyzes them through examples. Keywords: Synonymy, lexical synonyms, contextual synonymy, semantic synonyms, speech synonyms, stylistic synonyms, absolute synonyms. sense of artistic style, and the lexeme sarbast is Introduction: The basis of all languages in the world is outdated and bookish. words. Also, human speech depends on the use of these words. It is no exaggeration to say that the b) Expression semes are sometimes ranked: all lexemes fluency of our speech and the avoidance of repetition yuz, bet, aft, bashara, turq (except for "yuz") have of the words we speak depend on our large vocabulary negative connotation semes, but the degree of and the use of synonymous words, and the expression of the negative connotation in these semes phenomenon of linguistic units having the same is different: it increases and intensifies from "bet" to meaning is called synonymy. [1:124] It is important to "turq". d) Lexemes with neutral meaning that do not use each of the synonyms in speech, taking into have expression semes are considered dominants of a account their specific characteristics and features. The synonymous row. For example, yuz, bet, aft, bashara, unit of synonymy is called words that have one turq (dominant - face); nur, shula, yog'du, ziya common meaning, that is, synonyms. Synonyms are not (dominant - light); yol'iz, yakka, tanho (dominant - just a luxury, but a real wealth of the language. yol'iz). Of these, yuz (in the first row), nur (in the second Synonyms are one of the semantic forms of a word, and row) and yol'iz (in the third row) have neutral are words that have different pronunciations and meanings; spellings, but the same unifying meaning, but differ in d) lexemes with neutral meaning that do not have a number of features, such as the subtlety of additional expressive semes are considered dominants of a meaning, and the use of emotional meaning. synonymous row. For example, yuz, bet, aft, bashara, “Lexical synonymy is the grouping of lexemes according turq (dominant - face); nur, shula, yog'du, ziya to their common meaning” [2:166]: yelka, kift, omiz (dominant - light); yol'giz, yakka, tanho (dominant - (first group); in, uya, oshyon (second group); nur, shula, lonely). Of these, yuz (in the first row), nur (in the yog'du, ziya (third group), etc. Such groups are called second row) and yol'giz (in the third row) have neutral synonymous series in linguistics. In each synonymous meanings; series: a) the denotative meaning of the lexemes is the e) the category semes of lexemes are the same, which same, the semantics of expression (aspects of meaning, requires the combination of synonyms into one word stylistic nuances, subjective assessment, scope of category: bahar and ko'klam (noun), kihir and application) are different. For example, the lexemes goz(adjective), sozl'moq and ga'rmoq (verb). ozod, ekrin, hur, sarbast denote one denotation - “own Based on the above characteristics, especially the will, right-right ownership”, but they also have different variety of expressive semes, lexical synonyms are semantics of expression. In particular, the lexeme irbi divided into the following types: has a somewhat neutral meaning, while the lexeme ozod expresses an upbeat spirit, the lexeme hur has a 1."Meaning synonyms (ideographic synonyms). Such American Journal Of Philological Sciences 226 https://theusajournals.com/index.php/ajps American Journal Of Philological Sciences (ISSN – 2771-2273) synonyms differ in their semantic aspects" [3:105] For lexeme in speech. It is known that the sememe of the example, the lexemes to be angry, to be angry, to be author lexeme includes a number of semes such as buried are combined into a synonymous series with the “writer”, “poet”, “storyteller”, “scientist”, “inventor”. meaning of "to become angry", but the level of Therefore, its meaning is quite wide. In the context, one expression of this meaning is not the same in them, it of these semes of the author sememe is actualized, increases from "to be angry" to "to be angry", and from while the others are not realized. For example, when it "to be angry" to "to be angry". For example, let's comes to prose works such as novels and stories, the analyze the following sentence: Salimjon yo'lda biroz author lexeme is used only in the meaning of "writer", hovuridan tushganday bo'lgan edi, uyga kelib bo'lib which means that it becomes a contextual synonym of o'tgan ishlarni eslab achchiqlandi. Instead of the word the writer lexeme, while outside the context these two to be angry used in this sentence, we can use its words cannot be synonymous, because their semantic semantic synonyms, the lexemes to be angry, to be scope is not equal to each other. "There are also angry, but the meaning of the sentence is slightly lexemes in the language that have equal lexica