ANALYSIS OF THE QUANTITY OF EXHAUST GASES EMITTED FROM VEHICLES IN A CROSS SECTION THROUGH COMPUTER SIMULATION PROGRAM

Аннотация

This paper presents the results of the development of a model of the intersection using the PTV VISSIM simulation software. One of the problematic intersections in the city of Tashkent was selected and the traffic flow during peak hours was studied to analyze the intersection. The article discusses two solutions to reduce the amount of toxic gases and fuel consumption. The first solution is by optimizing the traffic light phases and changing their control cycle. The second solution represents a reduction by changing the geometric parameters of the intersection. After we applied both solutions, the service level of the intersection, LOS, increased from F toB. Key words: intersection model, simulation software, traffic flow, rush hour, toxic gases, fuel consumption, regulatory phase, regulatory cycle, intersection service level. Abrief summary In recent years, the number of cars has increased by 2-3 times, and about 700-800 thousand cars drive on city streets every day. Apart from creating traffic jams, they have a major impact on environmental degradation and safety of pedestrians and passengers. But the city's public transport and road infrastructure cannot adequately respond to these problems. The city lacks surface and underground pedestrian crossings and parking lots. Also, the city has more than 500 majorintersections, 200ofwhich havelowtraffic capacity. Air pollution by driven cars is very high, for example, when 10-12 liters of gasoline are consumed per car, 25 kg of various harmful chemical compounds are released into the atmosphere. One car consumes 4 tons of oxygen per year [2]. Engine exhaust gas contains more than 500 harmful organic compounds such as carbon monoxide (CO), carbon dioxide (CO2), nitrogen oxides (NO), hydrocarbons (HC), volatile organic compounds (VOC) and others. All this leads to the following situation. deterioration of human health and global warming worldwide [1]. Optimal organization of traffic lights at intersections will reduce these emissions. Road traffic is a source of harmful emissions. Studies show that drivers, passengers and people living near highways are the most affected. Sometimes their influence has disastrous consequences. Since 2019, the Yandex mobile application in Uzbekistan has started reporting traffic jams inthecity. After 11 months of work, the company summarized the results ofthe year and found out how the traffic in Tashkent is changing. Average traffic has changed from 4.5 points in August to 5.8 points in April. If the most convenient time of the year for car owners is summer, then themostdifficult timeis morning traffic in April. The intersection with the intersection of Bogishamol and Tashkent Ring Road was chosen. General street information is shown below. University Street has a total of 5 lanes, the width of the street is 21 m, there are dividing lines and pedestrian crossings on the street; Bogishamol Street has 6 lanes in total, the width of the street is 25 m, there are dividers and pedestrian crossings on the street; The total number of road lanes near the intersection of the Tashkent ring road is 5, the width of the streets is 22 m on one side, and 25 m on the other side, and there are www.wordlyknowledge.uz ILMIYMETODIK JURNAL JOURNAL OFIQRO –ЖУРНАЛ ИҚРО –IQRO JURNALI –volume 15,issue02,2025 ISSN:2181-4341, IMPACT FACTOR( RESEARCH BIB )–7,245,SJIF–5,431 dividing lanes and pedestrian crossings on the street. The traffic light works in 2 stages. The duration of the traffic light cycle is 98 seconds. Figure 1 shows the view of the studied intersection. Figure1. General viewofthe intersection Table 1shows thenumberof vehicles thatpassed through theintersection within2hours bytype. Types ofvehicles Car Bus Freight wagon Amount 12639 294 687 Based on the above information, a simulation model of the current state of the intersection was developed using the PTV VISSIM program. The traffic quality of the intersection is evaluated as follows (Table 2). LOS Foran intersection controlled byatrafficlight For a controlled intersection withoutatraffic light A ≤10sec ≤10sec B 10-20sec 10-15 sec C 20-35sec 15–25sec D 35–55sec 25–35sec E 55–80sec 35–50sec F >80 sec >50 sec For regulated and unregulated intersections, LOS is determined by the average vehicle delay at the intersection. LOS can be defined for each intersection configuration, each movement or approach. www.wordlyknowledge.uz ILMIYMETODIK JURNAL JOURNAL OFIQRO –ЖУРНАЛ ИҚРО –IQRO JURNALI –volume 15,issue02,2025 ISSN:2181-4341, IMPACT FACTOR( RESEARCH BIB )–7,245,SJIF–5,431 Figure2. A simulation viewofthe current state oftheintersection under investigation. A computer model of the current state of the intersection was developed taking into account traffic flow, traffic light phases and rotation duration, and the following results were obtained (Table 3). No Indicators Current condition 1 IntersectionLevel of Service(LOS) F 2 Numberof cars (units) 5317 3 Fuel consumption (l) 1067.959 4 Exhaust gas