ACUTE INTESTINAL INFECTIONS: CLINICAL AND AETIOLOGICAL SPECTRUM IN HOSPITALISED CHILDREN

Аннотация

The etiological structure and peculiarities of clinical and epidemiological manifestations of acute intestinal infections in hospitalised children are studied. A retrospective study of the case histories of 2479 children hospitalised with the clinic of acute intestinal infection was carried out. All patients underwent standard laboratory examination, including clinical, biochemical, instrumental diagnostic methods, bacteriological and molecular- biological studies to verify the causative agent. The epidemiological anamnesis of all children was clarified, and the frequency of background and concomitant diseases was studied. The diagnosis of intestinal infection was verified in 925 children (38%). Bacterial intestinal infections were detected in 610 (65 % of the transcripts). Key words: acute intestinal infection, viral diarrhoea, bacterial infections, concomitant intestinal infection. OʻTKIR ICHAK INFEKSIYALARI: GOSPITALIZATSIYA QILINGAN BOLALARDA KLINIK-ETIOLOGIK SPEKTR Annotatsiya. Госпитализация қилинган болаларда ўткир ичак инфекцияларининг этиологик тузилиши ва клиник-эпидемиологик намоён бўлиш хусусиятлари ўрганилди. Ўткир ичак инфекцияси клиникаси билан госпитализация қилинган 2479 нафар боланинг касаллик тарихи ретроспектив тарзда ўрганилди. Барча беморларга қўзғатувчини аниқлаш учун клиник, биохимиявий, инструментал диагностика усуллари, бактериологик ва молекуляр-биологик тадқиқотларни ўз ичига олган стандарт лаборатория текшируви ўтказилди. Барча болаларнинг эпидемиологик анамнези аниқланди, асосий ва ёндош касалликларнинг учраш даражаси ўрганилди. “Ичак инфекцияси” ташхиси 925 нафар (38 %) болаларда тасдиқланди. Бактериал ичак инфекциялари 610 нафар (таҳлил қилинган натижаларнинг 65 %и) болаларда аниқланди. Калит сўзлар: Ўткир ичак инфекцияси, вирусли диарея, бактериал инфекциялар, ёндош ичак инфекцияси. ОСТРЫЕ КИШЕЧНЫЕ ИНФЕКЦИИ: КЛИНИКО-ЭТИОЛОГИЧЕСКИЙ СПЕКТР У ГОСПИТАЛИЗИРОВАННЫХ ДЕТЕЙ Аннотация. Представлены результаты исследования этиологической структуры и клинико-эпидемиологических особенностей острых кишечных инфекций у госпитализированных детей. Проведено ретроспективное исследование историй болезни 5 32 International scientific journal ISSN: 2181-3906 «MODERN SCIENCE АND RESEARCH» 2025 VOLUME 4 / ISSUE 6 / UIF:8.2 / MODERNSCIENCE.UZ 2479 детей, госпитализированных с клиническими проявлениями острой кишечной инфекции. Все пациенты прошли комплексное лабораторное обследование, включающее клинические, биохимические и инструментальные методы диагностики, а также бактериологические и молекулярно-биологические исследования для идентификации возбудителя. Для каждого ребенка был собран эпидемиологический анамнез и изучена частота сопутствующих и фоновых заболеваний. Диагноз кишечной инфекции был подтвержден у 925 детей (38%). Бактериальные кишечные инфекции были выявлены у 610 человек (65% случаев с установленной этиологией). Ключевые слова: острая кишечная инфекция, вирусная диарея, бактериальные инфекции, сопутствующая кишечная инфекция. "Monobacterial etiology of AKI was established in 505 children (82% of bacterial infections), while 82 patients (18%) were diagnosed with mixed bacterial infection. Among the decoded cases of acute respiratory viral infection, the proportion of diarrhea of viral origin was 26% (241 patients), with a predominance of rotavirus infection (48% of all viral infections). In 560 children (22%), acute intestinal infection developed against the background of chronic somatic pathology; concomitant diseases were detected in 468 (20%) patients. In 41% of hospitalized children, the etiology of AKI was established. Bacterial infections were diagnosed more frequently, while the etiology remained unclear in 39% of patients. In mixed intestinal infections, 14 different combinations of bacteria were identified, with more frequent associations of opportunistic microorganisms. To improve the accuracy of the diagnosis of intestinal infections, it is recommended to make more extensive use of modern diagnostic techniques. Intestinal infections remain one of the most common groups of infectious diseases in children. The peak incidence occurs in children under 5 years of age, with more than 123 million patients requiring medical care each year, and 9 million children requiring hospitalization [1, 2]. The economic damage from intestinal infections is also significant, since acute intestinal infections (AKI) rank II-III among the causes of childhood mortality from infectious diseases second only to acute respiratory viral infections and HIV infection [3, 4]. More than 700,000 cases of diarrhoeal diseases are registered annually in the Russian Federation. OCI is characterized by polyethology: viruses, fungi, bacteria, and protozoa can be their causative agents [5]. Currently, the structure of intestinal infections is dominated by viral diarrhea; bacterial and protozoal lesions of the gastrointestinal tract are detected in 1.5-15% of cases [6, 7]. About 139 million cases of rotavirus infec