USING CREATIVE APPROACHES IN TEACHING FOLK CRAFTS AND ART DESIGN

Аннотация

This article describes the forms and means of using creative approaches in the teaching of folk crafts in technology classes. Key words: modern education, verbal, pattern, non-verbal, visual, audio, form, natural, technology, system,innovation, abilities, skill, creative, folk, art, creativity, design. In our country, extensive work is being done on the reform of the vocational education system based on modern educational trends, and special attention is being paid to the training of qualified personnel by increasing its efficiency. is considered an integral part of ati. On the other hand, folk applied art is very much combined with the fields of folk crafts and has a lot of overlapping aspects. Especially in the education system, the interrelationship and mutual strengthening of these branches of applied science is one of the important factors in providing artistic education and training to students. Various educational activities play an important role in the students' acquisition of knowledge, concepts and imaginations in various fields and areas of technological education.Due to the practical significance of technology science and its direct and integral connection with production, it is very important to conduct various educational activities with the participation of children. Forming, developing and strengthening the students' theoretical knowledge, imagination and understanding of the production and labor process, practical skills and qualifications, as well as direct participation in the productive work process. More than 20 types of educational activities have a great role in ensuring their achievement. In the labor practice of folk crafts, students perform the following technological tasks (operations): Выпуск журнала №-27 Часть–4_Июнь –2025 254 MODERN EDUCATION AND DEVELOPMENT 1. Preparation of various materials for processing - cutting, cleaning, polishing of wooden materials to the required dimensions, making eyes, leveling materials, making threads and ropes from wool and cotton for carpet making; 2. Preparation of the necessary equipment, for example, the workplace of weavers in carpet making, sword, hammer, pitchfork, urchuk, scissors, etc.; mortars, plasters, scalpel, knife, bowl, water, etc. in hankhkor; 3. Planning or marking - determining the necessary sizes and shapes in woodworking, drawing shapes, preparing shaped parts (for example, determining the size of shaped legs, columns, upper boards in the preparation of chairs, chairs); 4. Carrying out various cutting operations - stacking wood in wood carving, metal plates in metal carving, wire and non-ferrous metals in jewelry, gauzes in sewing hats, cloaks and other national clothes, threads in silk industry, metal plates in tin making, etc ; 5. Joining - various parts in the manufacture of saddles and harnesses, various beams in building construction, wooden parts, wooden metal parts in crate-making, knife bases and handles in knife-making, etc.; 6. Finishing - considered one of the final operations in the preparation of items in folk crafts, it includes works such as painting, polishing, sewing, measuring, grinding. It is important to observe the accuracy of processing details (parts of the product) in folk crafts and its various fields. It is assumed that the shapes and patterns found in folk crafts are not of precise geometric dimensions, but of different curves and angles, creative, national character. The fact that the forms and patterns found in folk handicrafts do not have exact angular geometric dimensions, creative and national character leads to the size of details, the quality of preparation, and the absence of specific state requirements, templates and standards. The quality and accuracy of the dimensions of the products are the main measuring criteria, and the products prepared by skilled, highly qualified folk craftsmen and the ways and working methods are used. The trainings organized on folk crafts, the leaders of the circle should determine the requirements themselves, in agreement with the Выпуск журнала №-27 Часть–4_Июнь –2025 255 MODERN EDUCATION AND DEVELOPMENT methodological council of the educational institution, assuming that the labor activities in this direction are practical and productive, manual labor. .When creating requirements for the accuracy of detail processing, it is necessary to take into account that production tasks are individual in nature, and correspond to the age, mental, and psychophysiological characteristics of students. In folk crafts, it is manifested in cases where labor is performed correctly. For example, in hankhkor: correctly drawing and marking the image of the shape being made and the size of the drawing. Proper preparation of the surface of the product to which the ganch mixture is glued; Accurately and correctly prepare the design of the pattern; Preparation of ganch mixture, gluing and cutting tools based on it, proper holding and efficient use; Observance of economy in cutting