DISTINCTIVE FEATURES OF VIBRATIONAL COMPACTION OF SUBGRADE SOILS WITH ROLLERS

Аннотация

The article presents the rollers used in subgrade compaction of automobile roads and their main technical, technological descriptions. Also in the working bodies of compaction machines, information is given on the vibroelements and their use, which cause the vibrational process. In particular, the analysis on the importance of vibration compaction in the provision of compaction coefficient isdescribed. Key words: compaction, subgrade, vibration, soil, roller, strength, vibration elements, frequency, amplitude, compaction coefficient. Introduction. Compaction is one of the most important processes performed in road construction. This technological process is important in ensuring the strength, stability and load-bearing capacity of the road structure. The methods of processing soil on the roads being built are of different appearance, including digging, pushing, leveling, planning work, compaction. In particular, inroad base construction, compaction processes are carried out bysoilrollers [1,2,3]. LITERATURE ANALYSIS. Vibrational compaction is a complex process, and in many ways depends on more than 30 factors that belong to the characteristics of the roller working organs and grunt. In particular, in the process of compaction, the dimensions corresponding to the machineand thesoil are as follows: constructive parameters: -machine andframe dimensions; -width and diameter oftheworking body. technological parameters: -walking speed; -number ofpasses. dynamic parameters: -mass distribution, -linear pressure ondrum, -vibration parameters: -awakening force; -amplitude; -frequency. -subgradesoilproperties: -getting involved; -internal friction angle; -deformation module; -compaction coefficient. Vibrating rollers are currently produced by the world’s leading companies. At the same time, scientific research is being carried out on the research of the processes of interaction between machine working bodies and soils [4,5]. Let's get acquainted with some of their brands. In particular, Bomag, one of the German companies, is one of the modern compaction machines. Although relatively large in size, it has a lotof amenities. The superficiality ofthe design allows it to beused onsmall construction sites. 678 INTERNATIONAL MULTIDISCIPLINARY JOURNAL FOR RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT SJIF2019:5.2222020:5.5522021:5.6372022:5.4792023:6.5632024:7,805 eISSN:2394-6334 https://www.ijmrd.in/index.php/imjrd Volume12,issue05(2025) Figure1.Bomag company rollers. The Hamm Company also produces about 40 models with a mass of 5 tons to 25 tons. Through Control Panel devices, we can view indicators such as engine performance, fuel quantity, cooling liquid level, hydraulic oil and temperature, oil pressure in the engine, speed of movement, frequency as operational data. The vibration system and the speed of the cathode motion are controlled in an electronic Tableau to match the engine rotation to improve the quality of compaction, with low fuel consumption. A specially designed three-point binder provides course stabilityandease of control. Figure2.Hamm companyrollers. Currently, Atlas Copco (Dynapac) is producing the fifth generation of grunted rollers, which includes around twenty models. In this compaction machine, in contrast to other rollers, special attention is paid to the place of operator work. The cabin is wide inside and the operators workplace islimited. The seat is equipped witharmrests andbutton couplers. The steering column has a monolithic mod of steering and the operator's seat becomes 1800 inside the cabin, which in turn also makes it easier to walk backwards. The compaction meter, which has the active control function of the vibration system, reduces the amplitude when it comes close to the given compaction level, while when full compaction is achieved, it turns off the vibrator and sends a signal tothe display. 679 INTERNATIONAL MULTIDISCIPLINARY JOURNAL FOR RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT SJIF2019:5.2222020:5.5522021:5.6372022:5.4792023:6.5632024:7,805 eISSN:2394-6334 https://www.ijmrd.in/index.php/imjrd Volume12,issue05(2025) Figure3.Dynapaccompaction machines. The rollers produced by the Ammann company consist of seven types of compaction machines, ranging from 5 to 25 tons. Like other machines, the operator in the first place is the convenience of the workplace. There is a wide view of the cabin through the rear window at the expense of the low hood. Such a configuration allows you to apply a structure without a rear bridge. The ASE control and measurement system controls the automatic amplitude and frequency in accordance with the grunt description. By the norm of compaction, the amplitude is reduced and the frequency is increased. Preset working speeds provide an alternative relationship of frequency vibration. Figure4.Ammann road rollers. The largest of the Russian manufacturers, «Raskat» produces six-model soil roller ranging from 11 tons to 21 tons. One thing should be noted separately that these compaction machines are produ