CORRECTION OF NUTRITION OF PROFESSIONAL ATHLETES ACCORDING TO PROTEIN AND VITAMIN METABOLISM INDICATORS

Аннотация

This study evaluated the effectiveness of dietary correction in professional athletes based on indicators of protein and vitamin metabolism under physical stress. Changes in metabolic indicators (urinary total nitrogen, urea, ammonia, and Waterloo index) were analyzed among athletes inthree groups withdifferent dietary regimes. The results showed that theaddition ofdietary supplements and mineral water tothe diet positively influenced protein metabolism. Keywords: athletes, protein metabolism, vitamin C, urinary nitrogen, dietary correction, dietary supplements (DS), Waterloo index. Modern sport is characterized by intense physical exertion during training and competitions, increased nervous and mental stress, and a focus on record-breaking sports results. One of the most important conditions for sporting success in professional sports, along with the correct organization of training and daily routine, is proper nutrition, since nutrition is one of the most important factors determining the physical and mental state and health of a person. Nutrition supports high performance and protects the body from the negative effects of the environment [4,6]. Introduction: An analysis of scientific publications on the study of energy expenditure and metabolic processes in the body of athletes in Uzbekistan shows that this problem has not been given sufficient attention by researchers and medical workers. In this regard, there is a need to develop nutritional standards for professional athletes of Uzbekistan that correspond to the real needs of the athletes' body in essential nutrients, taking into account national nutritional characteristics, age and gender groups, types of sports, professional skills and hot climatic conditions. Materials and methods. The study was conducted on professional martial arts athletes during training at a sports facility. The athletes' round-the-clock stay at the training and health-improving facility and the relatively equal level of their energy expenditure made it possible to obtain objectivedata ontheathletes' metabolic stateagainst thebackground of different diets. The martial arts athletes included in the study were divided into 3 groups according to their nutrition: Group 1- athletes with areal diet; Group 2 - athletes receiving a modified diet without the addition of BFQ (biologically active additives) and mineralized water; The change in the diet consisted in the inclusion of products such as meat, fish, legumes, milk, fruits,greens and juices. Group 3- athletes receiving a modified diet including BFQ "Kuvatin" (2 tablets of0.22 gper day), "Bioferron" (2 tablespoons per day) and 2 liters of artificially mineralized "Bonaqua" water per day. One of the main indicators of protein metabolism, reflecting the state of metabolism during dietary correction, is the study of nitrogenous components of urine: in the form of daily excretion of ammonia, urea and the Waterloo index. Nitrogenous fractions of urine allow us to assess the 665 INTERNATIONAL MULTIDISCIPLINARY JOURNAL FOR RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT SJIF2019:5.2222020:5.5522021:5.6372022:5.4792023:6.5632024:7,805 eISSN:2394-6334 https://www.ijmrd.in/index.php/imjrd Volume12,issue05(2025) nature of protein metabolism during heavy physical exertion, since the end products of metabolismare excreted mainly bythekidneys [1,2,5]. Of the vitamin complexes, vitamin C has the greatest impact on biochemical processes of metabolism [1,3]. In this regard, we have chosen indicators of vitamin C supply to the body as a biochemical criterion ofthe stateofvitamin metabolism. Results and discussion of the study: When evaluating the data obtained, it should be taken into account that in adults, the amount and quality of the studied protein can be estimated from the daily nitrogen content of urine. Thus, the excretion of nitrogen in the urine in mg/h in the studied athletes depended ontheaverage daily protein content and thebiological value ofthe diet [7,8]. The energy intensity of total proteins in the average daily diet of real nutrition corresponds to the physiological needs of athletes of both sexes in all sports. At the same time, it was found that the level of animal proteins in the total protein content is insufficient for all sports, the physiological level should be at least 55.0%, which was 51.0±1.1% for wrestlers and track and field athletes, and 53.0±1.1% for boxers and weightlifters. In the winter-spring season, against the background of real nutrition (group 1), the average daily nitrogen content in the urine of male and female wrestlers was 12.2 ± 0.1 g/day, with a protein intake of 135.4 ± 4.8 g. In the summer-autumn season, this value in men was 12.6 ± 0.1 g/day, with a protein intake of 147.3 ± 5.3 g; and in women - 11.8±0.1 and 12.1±0.1 g/day, respectively, and protein intake was 132.1±3.0 and 138.8±2.5g. Against the background of the modified diet, it is worth noting the increase in the protein level in the diet of group 2 subjects, martia