ECOLOGICAL AND ECONOMIC CLASSIFICATION OF REGIONAL FOREST RESOURCES AS A BASIS FOR THEIR EVALUATION

Аннотация

Совершенствование экономической статистики лесного хозяйства в Республике Узбекистан является одним из важнейших направлений развития как лесного комплекса, так и экономики страны в целом. Статистические показатели, относящиеся к лесному хозяйству,формируют информационную систему учета и оценки лесных ресурсов. В этой системе важную роль играет классификация лесных ресурсов по их экономической и экологической значимости. В данной статье рассмотрены принципы экологико- экономической классификации, являющиеся основой для экологико-экономической оценки лесных ресурсов. Такая оценка выступает центральным элементом хозяйственного механизма использования лесов и основывается на признании равной значимости экологических иэкономических компонентовдля жизнииразвития общества. Ключевые слова: государственно-частное партнёрство, лесная инфраструктура, организационно-правовой механизм, конкурентоспособность, транспортная сеть, финансирование проектов, законодательная база, участие частного сектора, инвестиционная привлекательность,устойчивое развитие. 478 INTERNATIONAL MULTIDISCIPLINARY JOURNAL FOR RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT SJIF2019:5.2222020:5.5522021:5.6372022:5.4792023:6.5632024:7,805 eISSN:2394-6334 https://www.ijmrd.in/index.php/imjrd Volume12,issue05(2025) Forest resources are an integral part of the forest and, according to the main provisions of the current Forest Code of the Republic of Uzbekistan, they are defined as “wood reserves, other products, and components related to the vital activity of the forest, harmonized with its environmental-forming, water-protective, protective, sanitary-hygienic, recreational, and other functions.” Forest resources have a number of features that distinguish them from other natural resources and are considered complex objects for accounting and evaluation. Nevertheless, it is essential to implement thisprocess. The economic valuation of natural resources is a central category in the economics of natural resource use. It forms the foundation for value relations in the paid use of nature, which in turn determines the efficiency of resource utilization and their role in the socio-economic life of society. At the current stage of social development, nature - especially its ecological resources is playing an increasingly important role as a limiting factor. As a result, there is a growing need to shift from a purely economic approach to an ecological-economic approach in the valuation of natural resources. Ecological-economic valuation is based on recognizing the equal importance of ecological and economic components when determining resource value, with ecological aspects taking theleading role. This valuation serves thefollowing purposes: - to determine thevalueof natural resources as part of national wealth; - to choosethe mosteffective direction for usingnatural resources; - to compare the outcomes of production and other processes across sectors and assess the effectiveness ofeconomic activities; - to economically incentivizetheuseand restoration ofnatural resources; - to justify pricing and tax policy, and to reimburse natural wealth in monetary terms. Ecological-economic valuation serves as a foundation for forming value relations in sustainable nature use. Most importantly, it lays the groundwork for the system of statistical indicators in natural resource statistics. During the management of forestry enterprises and the sector as a whole, a continuous exchange of information occurs. This information flow can be vertical (e.g., from the regional forestry association to individual forest enterprises or vice versa) or horizontal (between different forestry enterprises). Sources of information can include administrative orders, reports from specific organizations, and other documents. No level of management can make accurate decisions regarding future actions without reliable statistical data. Having statistical information is essential in the transition period and the process of forming a new economic system, as it helps apply a pragmatic approach. Therefore, statistically rich and objective information serves as a tool for analyzing and evaluating enterprise management in the context of the external environment and overall stateoperations. Currently, forest statistics represent a significant part of the information flow within the forestry management system. Achieving high efficiency requires restructuring the management system and ensuring its future effectiveness based on comprehensive information about the state of forest reserves, usage scope, and costs associated with reforestation. In other words, each forest management unit needs a statistical indicator system reflecting the condition of the forest resources it possesses. Forest statistics provide data on the availability, quantity, quality, and protection of forest resources. Unlike statistics from other sectors, forest statistics offer a much deeperand morecomplete reflection ofthestate and movement offorest resources