EFFECTIVE METHODS IN TEACHING FOREIGN LANGUAGES

Аннотация

Learning a language is like pouring water into a bottomless well; the deeper you go, the more you can learn. Numerous successful language-learning strategies have been investigated and examined by researchers throughout the years. The most useful approaches are discussed in this article along with their benefits, drawbacks, and interrelations. We came across a great deal of books, papers, websites, and scholarly viewpoints while conducting our investigation. We discovered that success is unavoidable when someone decides to learn and works hard for it. We hope that this article will be helpful to both you and us. Keywords : online, technologies, communication style, external environment, audio-lingual. Introduction. In today’s global environment, the most powerful key to building a successful career, traveling to developed countries, or studying at prestigious universities is learning foreign languages. Moreover, knowing a foreign language greatly enhances a person’s intellectual capacity and contributes to personaldevelopment. “Knowing foreign languages not only enhances job prospects but also boosts individuals’ cognitive and intercultural competencies.” (OECD, 2019) Some people believe that not everyone is capable of learning a language. To some extent, this is true — people have different abilities and interests. However, with the right approach and motivation, anyone can develop a passion for learning a language. The most important thing is to stay consistent. Before diving into the analysis, it is important to explore the differences, similarities, and core characteristics of the methods. Method 1: Audio-Lingual Method This approach is beneficial for improving listening and pronunciation. Repetition and practice can help learners achieve positive results. Learners enhance their speaking skills by imitating the sounds they hear. However, one major drawback is the limited development of writing and vocabulary skills. Certain flaws in this approach have also been identified by research (International Journal of Scientific & Technology Research, 2020). Additionally, since it focuses mainly on dialogues and rules, learners may struggle in real-life conversations. Therefore, it is recommended to combine this with other communicative methods. Method 2: Using Online Technologies and Platforms Learning through online platforms and mobile applications is one of the most innovative approaches in the modern digital era. This method has gained popularity among learners as it offers flexibility to study from anywhere. For example, online platforms, especially during the pandemic, played a key role in sustaining language learning for millions (Trust & Whalen, 2020). Self-control and time management are crucial for success with this method. Learners are attracted to digital tools, particularly MOOCs and artificial intelligence. Kukulska-Hulme (2020) found that AI is increasingly used in mobile-assisted language learning platforms to provide personalized feedback and adaptive learning. Method 3: Learning Through Real-Life Environment 380 STUDENTLERDI BIRLESTIRIW: XALÍQARALÍQ IZERTLEWLER HÁM PÁNLER BOYINSHA BIRGE ISLESIW 1-XALÍQARALÍQ STUDENTLER KONFERENCIYASÍ. NÓKIS, 2025-JÍL 20-21-MAY Although this method demands greater responsibility, it has unique advantages. It involves integrating the language being studied with real-life contexts and immersion in a linguistically diverse setting. Such environments may need to be created or simulated, especially when real travel is not possible. Due to financial or personal constraints, this method might not be available to everyone. However, its effectiveness is higher than other methods, and immersion-based learning is both enjoyable and engaging. Method 4: Communicative Approach This method is effective because it emphasizes real-life conversations and helps learners use the language in meaningful interactions. It encourages active language use and makes the learning process more enjoyable (Harmer, 1983). However, it may not focus as much on complex grammar as other methods. Ellis (2003) emphasized the importance of incorporating grammar into communicative language teaching. Moreover, Li (1998) noted that implementing this method in countries like South Korea faces cultural and systemic challenges. Method 5: Grammar-Translation Method This traditional method, which was dominant in the past, emphasizes grammar rules and translation. It is effective for building translation skills and understanding language structure. Despite being largely replaced by modern approaches, some educators still find it useful today, particularly for advanced grammar learning and academic translation. Conclusion. Studying each of these methods is valuable, as they complement one another. Combining different methods has proven effective in language learning. For instance, merging the Audio-Lingual Method with online technologies makes learning more engaging. This article is based on thorough analysis