PROVIDING RECOMMENDATIONS BASED ON THE STUDY OF WORLD EXPERIENCES ON THE ERGONOMIC DESIGN OF MODERN PRODUCTS

Аннотация

This scientific article studies world experience in ergonomic optimization of modern production systems and analyzes their effective aspects. It is shown that ergonomic design is of great importance in ensuring human health, labor productivity and safety. During the study, industrial practices in Germany, the USA, Japan, Sweden and other advanced countries were studied and recommendations adapted to the conditions of Uzbekistan were developed. The integration of ergonomics with technological progress, including advanced approaches developed on the basis of digital engines, ergonomic monitoring using AI, simulation and virtual prototyping methods, were analyzed with special attention. Keywords: ergonomic design, industrial production, world experience, occupational safety, digital ergonomics, production efficiency, anthropometry, safety culture. Introduction. The approach of ergonomics to such urgent issues as the organization of labor activity in modern industrial systems, the preservation of human health and increasing production efficiency is becoming increasingly important. In particular, the design of workplaces, equipment and production processes on production lines, taking into account the physiological and psychological capabilities of the human body, is one of the modern requirements. Ergonomics has become not only a technical approach, but also an integral part of the socio-economic, health and human resource management strategy [1]. At the current stage of industrial development around the world, ergonomic design plays an important role in processes involving human participation. The increasing complexity of industrial technologies, the increase in the number of automated systems, create the need to optimize the interaction between workers and machines. Therefore, ergonomic design is now considered a strategically important factor for production efficiency and safety [2]. For example, in Japan and Sweden, companies that implemented ergonomic approaches have seen a 20–25% increase in productivity and a 30–40% reduction in occupational diseases and injuries [3], [4], clearly demonstrating the practical benefits of ergonomic design. https://scientific-jl.com/new 11 22 44 Volume–78_Issue-1_June-2025 JOURNAL OF NEW CENTURY INNOVATIONS Leading countries in the field of ergonomics - such as Germany, the USA, Sweden, and Japan - have introduced modern scientific and technical approaches into their industrial systems. These include individualization of the workplace based on anthropometric data, the use of IoT devices for workload monitoring, consideration of cognitive ergonomics, and the development of a safety culture [5]. For example, research conducted at NASA in the US on human-machine interface has shown the high efficiency of ergonomic integration into manufacturing technologies [6]. In Germany, a great emphasis is placed on human-centered production models within the framework of the Industry 4.0 concept [7]. The incomplete implementation of ergonomic standards in Uzbek industrial enterprises leads to many negative consequences. Including: Low labor productivity, Occupational diseases and orthopedic problems (musculoskeletal system), Decreased employee motivation, Increased days of incapacity for work. To improve the current situation, it is necessary to adapt ergonomic design approaches to national production systems, conduct a thorough analysis of international experience, and strengthen them with legal standards. The main goal of this study is to study ergonomic design experiences in advanced manufacturing enterprises around the world, analyze their successful aspects, and develop recommendations for industrial sectors in Uzbekistan. Methods. Research design. This study aims to analyze ergonomic design practices in modern manufacturing enterprises and develop practical recommendations based on world experience. The study was conducted using descriptive and analytical methods. The reason for choosing this method is to provide an in-depth study of the current situation, identify practical problems, and provide the opportunity to compare with international practices. Data sources. The following types of information sources were used for the study:  Scientific articles, dissertations, international ergonomics standards (ISO 6385, ISO 9241, etc.);  Practical reports on ergonomic solutions in manufacturing plants in the USA, Germany, Japan, and Scandinavian countries;  Recommendations and statistics published by international organizations on labor protection (ILO, OSHA, EU-OSHA);  Tools, software, and methodologies used in ergonomic analysis (REBA, RULA, NIOSH Lifting Equation, etc.). Data collection methods. The following data collection methods were used in the study: https://scientific-jl.com/new 11 22 55 Volume–78_Issue-1_June-2025 JOURNAL OF NEW CENTURY INNOVATIONS  Systematic analysis of literary sources: Articles on ergonomic design published between 2015 and 2024 from scientific database