Analysis of Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (Dhf) Prevention Behavior Using the Health Belief Model (Hbm) Approach in Banda Aceh City

Аннотация

Dengue is a mosquito-borne viral infection that has remained a global public health concern for more than five decades. Commonly referred to as Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF) in the community, it continues to be a significant health issue. In 2024, the number of DHF cases in Aceh Province reached 3,044. In Banda Aceh City, the trend has been fluctuating, with 400 reported cases in 2024—the highest in the last five years—resulting in three deaths. This study aimed to analyze the relationship between dengue fever prevention behaviors using the Health Belief Model (HBM) approach. This research employed a quantitative analytic observational design with a cross-sectional approach. The study population consisted of heads of households or housewives across 9 subdistricts in Banda International Journal of Medical Science and Public Health Research 83 https://ijmsphr.com/index.php/ijmsphr Aceh. Data analysis was conducted using Partial Least Java(Ministry of Health of the Republic of Indonesia, Squares (PLS) with the SmartPLS version 4.0 application. 2022). Hypothesis testing revealed that age group was Dengue cases in Indonesia continue to increase, in 2021 significantly associated with perceived benefits (p = there were 73,518 cases with a death toll of 705 people, 0.035 < 0.05) and perceived severity (p = 0.035 < 0.05). in 2022 there were 131,265 cases with a death toll of Perceived susceptibility was significantly related to 1,183 people, in 2023 there were 114,720 cases with a dengue prevention behavior (p = 0.000 < 0.05), as were death toll of 894 people. Dengue fever infections in perceived benefits (p = 0.000 < 0.05), perceived barriers Indonesia in 2023 saw an increase in the Incidence Rate (p = 0.000 < 0.05), and cues to action (p = 0.000 < 0.05). (IR) and a decrease in the Case Facility Rate (CFR). Meanwhile, the number of dengue fever cases as of This study provides recommendations for government October 2024, there were 203,921 dengue cases with and community stakeholders in formulating effective 1,210 deaths originating from 482 regencies/cities in 36 dengue prevention policies in Banda Aceh City. provinces in Indonesia (Ministry of Health of the Republic of Indonesia, 2024). Keywords: Dengue Prevention Behavior, Health Belief Model. Aceh Province with a population of 5,515,839 people consisting of 2,759,685 men and 2,756,154 women, it is known that in 2024 DHF infections reached 3,044 cases Introduction: Dengue can be defined as a viral infection spread across 23 districts/cities and was the largest disease transmitted through mosquitoes and has number of DHF cases in the last five years. In addition, become a health problem in the world. For more than information obtained by province, it turns out that the five decades, dengue or commonly known as dengue most significant increase in DHF occurred in Banda Aceh fever has become a public health problem in the world, City, namely 400 cases and a death rate of 3 people not only in Indonesia.(Ministry of Health of the Republic compared to 22 other districts/cities (Aceh Health of Indonesia, 2022). Office, 2024). Until now, dengue disease has not been well controlled, The increasing number of dengue fever cases in Banda as evidenced by the significant increase in dengue cases Aceh City with a population of 259,538 people, with worldwide and the outbreaks that occur every year in details of 129,400 men and 130,138 women spread Indonesia. This raises ongoing public concerns about across 9 sub-districts and making Banda Aceh City an dengue infection. Therefore, it is necessary to endemic area for dengue fever with the highest number strengthen the management of dengue control of cases in Aceh Province from year to year. The trend programs and strategies.(Ministry of Health, Republic of of dengue fever cases tends to fluctuate, namely in 2019 Indonesia, 2021). there were 344 cases, in 2020 there were 98 cases, in 2021 there were 19 cases, in 2022 there were 366 cases, Dengue infection is one of the infectious diseases that in 2023 there were 274 cases and in 2024 there were can cause outbreaks and cause death. Transmission of 400 cases. dengue infection is caused by the dengue virus through the bite of the female Aedes aegypti mosquito. The The number of DHF cases per sub-district in 2024 in spread of adult female Aedes aegypti mosquitoes is Banda Aceh City consists of Meuraxa sub-district 66 influenced by several factors including the availability of cases, Jaya Baru sub-district 72 cases, Banda Raya sub- egg-laying sites and blood, but the place is limited to a district 43 cases, Baiturrahman sub-district 30 cases, distance of 100 meters from the location of Lueng Bata sub-district 26 cases, Kuta Alam sub-district emergence(Ministry of Health of the Republic of 68 cases, Kuta Raja sub-district 27 cases, Syiah Kuala Indonesia, 2022). sub-district 36 cases, and Ulee Kareng sub-district 32 cases (Banda Aceh City Health Office, 2024). Dengue infection is one of t