CORONARY HEART DISEASE AND CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE: PREVALENCE AND RISK FACTORS

Аннотация

For many years, coronary heart disease (CHD) has remained one of the most pressing problems of clinical medicine. Currently, CVD and CKD represent a huge medical and socio-economic problem, as a result of which they occupy a leading place in the structure of overall mortality and disability in economically developed countries, as well as in developing countries. In Europe, about 4 million people die from CVDs every year, in the USA - 1 million. According to research, 4 million people die from CVDs every year in Russia [6], and the mortality rate for men is 1.8 times higher than for women [7]. In particular, CAD is the leader in the structure of cardiovascular mortality, accounting for 51.4% of cases [8]. Thus, in 2015, as part of the medical examination of the population, CVDs were diagnosed in 5.3 million people, in 2016 and 2017 – in 7.2 and 7.8 million people, respectively [7]. In the Kyrgyz Republic, more than 17 thousand deaths annually occur due to CVDs. At the beginning of the 21st century, it was reported that 17 million people die annually from CVD, of which more than 54% are from CAD [9]. According to other data, about 7.2 million deaths worldwide are due to complications of CAD [8]. Patient survival depends on the extent of coronary lesions, the degree of narrowing and location of coronary artery stenoses [10]. Currently, CAD is the cause of death in approximately a third of all persons over 35 years of age [11]. Meanwhile, according to WHO forecasts, by 2030, the number of deaths due to CVDs worldwide will increase to 23.3 million per year [12]. There is reason to believe that the true prevalence and incidence of CAD and CKD may be underestimated.