CONGENITAL HEART DEFECTS: AN IMMUNOLOGICAL PERSPECTIVE (literature review)

Аннотация

Congenital heart disease (CHD) is a major global health and economic burden - despite advances in the treatment of CHD that reduce the risk of mortality, CHD causes about 300,000 deaths worldwide each year. Children with CHD experience both acute and chronic cardiac complications, and while treatment options have improved, some remain extremely invasive. The problem with these morbidity and mortality risks is that little is known about the cause of many CHDs, and the available evidence suggests a multifactorial etiology. Some studies point to an immune contribution to the development of CHD; however, the role of the immune system is not well understood. Thus, defining the role of immune and inflammatory responses in CHD is promising for elucidating the mechanisms underlying these disorders and improving existing diagnostic and treatment options. In this review, we address current knowledge concurrent with CHD with immune and inflammatory associations, highlighting conditions in which this understanding may provide clinical benefit and challenges in understanding these mechanisms.