SEMANTIC ISSUES IN CERAMIC ITEMS (ON THE EXAMPLE OF FERGANA VALLEY)

Аннотация

In most areas of the Ferghana Valley, ceramic products with scratched ornaments are found. Works were carried out on the finds from archaeological sites, scientific articles and thesis were prepared, but there are very few connected specifically with semantics. Pottery with a scratched ornament, a red engobe, which arose as a continuation of the tradition of coloring in the Ferghana Valley and lasted around the 1st-6th centuries AD. were characteristic of the Ferghana Valley. if the surface of ceramics was painted with paint, then scratched patterns were used only on wheeled ships. In the octome stage, the change in pattern styles coincided with the change in the shape of the vessel. By this time, the advent of the potter's wheel had led to the decline of handmade decorative pottery. In this regard, in the Ferghana Valley and in other areas of Central Asia, the tradition of handmade decorative ceramics is disappearing. The change in the method of decorating the surface of the vessel to the Shorabashat stage led to the appearance and rapid spread of ceramics with red engobe in Fergana. Ceramic products with scratched ornaments are a direct continuation of the era of handmade decorative pottery and a new stage in the development of the culture of the Ferghana Valley. The elements of the scratched ornament are a repetition of decorative ceramic elements, however, the scratched pattern is made by using a new technique. Therefore, this article provides information about the elements of the pattern and the semantics of ceramics decorated with red engobe.