OBSTRUCTIVE SLEEP APNEA SYNDROME AND CARDIAC ARRHYTHMIA IN PATIENTS WITH LUNG PATHOLOGY

Аннотация

Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) is one of the widespread pathological conditions, currently in economically developed countries, this disease is observed in approximately 8-10% of the population. At the same time, in some specific populations, OSAS is even more common. At the same time, to date, the presence of the relationship of OSAS with cardiovascular morbidity and mortality can be considered proven. Patients with obstructive apnea are characterized by cardiac arrhythmias. Hypoxemia, which is a characteristic feature of OSAS, is synchronized with episodes of sleep apnea and, as a result, is cyclical. However, in some patients, short periods between breathing pauses may not be sufficient to restore oxygen saturation to normal levels, which can cause severe respiratory failure during sleep. Gas exchange disorders cause vasoconstriction, stimulation of the sympathetic part of the autonomic nervous system with hyperproduction of catecholamines, as well as activation of peroxidation processes, which has a complex damaging effect on the heart muscle. The article describes the results of a somnological examination of patients with concomitant pathology: bronchial asthma and gastroesophageal reflux disease. The predisposing factors for the activation of obstructive sleep apnea / hypopnea syndrome, leading to the development of complications, an increase in the cardiac risk index and a decrease in the quality of life in this category of patients, are described.