CHARACTERISTICS OF COMORBIDE RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS AND HYPOTHYREOSIS

Аннотация

Clinicians are aware of frequent manifestations of endocrine gland function pathology in RA patients in the form of goiter, hypothyroidism, chronic adrenal insufficiency, etc. Thyroid hormones increase the activity of metabolic processes, stimulate lipogenesis, enhance the absorption of glucose by fat and muscle tissue, activate gluconeogenesis and glycogenolysis. Thyroid hormones (triiod-tyronine — T3, thyroxine — T4) enhance both resorption and synthesis of bone tissue, the production of glycosaminoglycans and proteoglycans in connective tissue. An increase in their number in the body leads to an acceleration of bone metabolism due to an increase in the number and activity of osteoclasts, and also stimulates osteoblastic function, which is expressed in an increase in bone formation markers in the blood. With a lack of thyroid hormones, the activity of adenylate cyclase in the synovial membranes increases, which increases the production of hyaluronic acid by fibroblasts, leading to the accumulation of synovial fluid in the joints, and causes clinical manifestations of synovitis.