SOCIAL RELATIONS AND TYPES OF TAXES IN THE BUKHARA EMIRATE IN THE SECOND HALF OF THE XIX – EARLY XX CENTURIES

Аннотация

The data on social relations and types of taxes in the Bukhara Emirate, including in Eastern Bukhara in the second half of the XIX – early XX centuries were analyzed in detail. It was argued that the country's defenseless ordinary citizens were constantly harassed by local officials, the rich and self-sufficient peasants expanded their lands, and in order to get more profit, they bought at low prices the land of helpless families and orphans, violating their rights that they could not afford cultivate their land.