EVOLUTION OF SURGICAL SPINE STABILIZATION IN EUROPE: A HISTORICAL REVIEW

Аннотация

The article explores the historical evolution of spinal fixation methods — from early traction and manual reduction techniques during the Renaissance to the development of modern pedicle screw systems. It outlines major milestones in spinal surgery, beginning with the pioneering works of Vidus Vidius, Vesalius, and Ambroise Paré, who established the foundations of spinal anatomy and biomechanics. The paper traces the transformation of stabilization techniques from 19th-century hyperextension and plaster immobilization to the introduction of metallic implants and Denis’ three-column theory. Particular emphasis is placed on the groundbreaking contributions of Boucher (1959) and Roy-Camille (1961) in pedicle fixation, as well as on the Luque, Cotrel–Dubousset, and Kaneda systems that shaped the modern era of spinal instrumentation. The article highlights not only technological advances but also the ongoing pursuit of an optimal balance between spinal stability, mobility, and patient safety.