NEPHROBLASTOMA IN CHILDREN: TREATMENT STRUCTURE AND CLINICAL OUTCOME ANALYSIS

Аннотация

Relevance. Nephroblastoma is one of the most common malignant tumors in children. Analyzing therapeutic approaches and complications contributes to improving the quality of treatment. Objective. To assess treatment structure, disease stage, and complication rates in children with nephroblastoma. Materials and Methods. Data from 91 children with histologically confirmed nephroblastoma treated at the Republican Specialized Scientific-Practical Medical Center of Oncology and Radiology (2015–2022) were analyzed. Parameters included clinical staging, treatment modalities, chemotherapy protocols, number of courses, and complications. Descriptive statistics and χ² analysis were applied. Results. 66% of patients were under 3 years of age. The most frequently diagnosed stages were 2B and 3A. Combined treatment was administered in 69.2% of cases, primarily using HT+S+HT and S+HT regimens. The most common chemotherapy scheme was CyVADIC. Complication rates increased with multi-stage treatment approaches. Conclusion. Combined therapy is most effective in intermediate stages of nephroblastoma but requires close monitoring for toxicity. Early diagnosis and treatment individualization are critical for improving outcomes.