VISUAL EVOKED POTENTIALS: KEY TO DIAGNOSING DEMYELINATING PROCESSES OF THE OPTIC NERVE (LITERATURE REVIEW AND OWN DATA)

Аннотация

The article addresses the role of visual evoked potentials (VEPs) in diagnosing demyelinating processes of the optic nerve. The study aims to systematize VEP data, integrate existing evidence with clinical observations, and develop practical algorithms. Demyelination in optic neuritis, multiple sclerosis, and other conditions manifests as P100 latency prolongation and N75-P100 amplitude reduction. VEPs detect subclinical lesions in 50-70% of multiple sclerosis patients. The use of pattern-reversal stimuli (PR-VEP) as the gold standard for assessing central visual pathways is confirmed by original data demonstrating partial recovery of optic nerve function. Combining VEPs with MRI and OCT enhances diagnostic accuracy. VEPs are a non-invasive method for detecting demyelination, and their dynamic monitoring is critical for evaluating therapy efficacy.