JOHN LOCKE'S MAIN PHILOSOPHICAL VIEWS ON CIVIL SOCIETY

Аннотация

This scholarly-analytical work presents a thorough analysis of the philosophical views of John Locke — a prominent figure of the European Enlightenment — concerning such fundamental concepts as civil society, natural rights, the social contract, natural law, and the concept of property. According to Locke, human beings are by nature free, rational, and endowed with inherent natural rights — the rights to life, liberty, and property. These rights are innate and cannot be taken away by any government; on the contrary, the very existence of government is justified by the need to protect them. Locke’s theory of the social contract is based on moral and legal relations between the individual and authority, asserting that the legitimacy of power depends on the consent of the people.