CHANGES IN THE ENVIRONMENT, POLITICAL, SOCIAL AND ETHNIC PROCESSES IN THE FIRST HALF OF THE XVIII-XIX CENTURIES

Аннотация

The article analyzes the ecological changes that occurred in Central Asia during the third stage of the Little Ice Age, i.e. the dynamics of the retreat of the Ice Age, based on climatological and source data. It is explained that the animal climate, i.e. the occurrence of several years of drought, heat or heavy rainfall, cold, caused various epidemiological diseases, earthquakes, and ecological disasters such as locust invasions, which led to the destruction of agricultural and livestock culture, urban life and lifestyle, and the intensification of migration processes. It is also considered that the beginning of the aridization process caused a wave of new migration processes and was a factor in the rise of irrigated agriculture.