GENETIC ASPECTS OF NEWBORN RESPIRATORY DISTRESS SYNDROME

Аннотация

Purpose of the study. Conducting a literature analysis of genetic predisposition and risk factors for neonatal respiratory distress syndrome. Research results. Respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) is a respiratory disorder in newborns that occurs immediately after birth. It is one of the most common causes of neonatal intensive care unit admission and respiratory failure in newborns. RDS, caused by a lack of surfactant in the lungs, is more common in premature infants but can also occur in full-term infants. Genetic factors play a significant role in susceptibility to RDS. Electron microscopy and genetic testing, including sequencing of the SFTPB, SFTPC, and ABCA3 genes, can be useful in diagnosing and understanding the molecular mechanisms of RDS. To improve respiratory outcomes in newborns with RDS, it is important to take into account genetic factors, which will allow timely and adequate implementation of preventive and therapeutic measures. The prognosis for RDS depends on the severity and underlying cause of the disease. Conclusion. RDS is a serious condition that requires immediate medical attention. Understanding risk factors and regional differences in disease prevalence can help develop effective prevention and treatment strategies.