THE SIGNIFICANCE OF ENDOTHELIAL DYSFUNCTION IN THE NEW CORONAVIRUS INFECTION COVID-19. (LITERATURE REVIEW)

Аннотация

Endothelial dysfunction plays an important role in the development of many diseases and conditions, including the active phase of the new coronavirus infection COVID-19 and post-Covid syndrome. Systemic angiopathy, which is associated with endothelial dysfunction and is characterized by extensive damage to the microcirculatory system, including endotheliitis, has certain morphological manifestations that are characteristic of COVID-19. The SARS-CoV-2 virus specifically attacks goblet cells in the mucous membrane of the respiratory tract. COVID-19 progresses through diffuse alveolar damage, leading to hyaline membrane formation and pulmonary edema. This damage to the respiratory tract is caused by the effects of the SARS-CoV-2 virus on alveolar epithelial cells and endothelial cells, as well as immunological effects, including perivascular inflammation. All these factors together lead to disruption of the endothelial-epithelial barrier and the penetration of protein exudate into the alveolar space, creating a background for bacterial and fungal flora.